How to Install MongoDB 6.0 on Rocky Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS Stream, Alma Linux or Oracle Linux

What is MongoDB? MongoDB is a document database designed for ease of application development and scaling. This guide is all about ‘Install MongoDB 6.0 on Linux’ – Rocky Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS Stream, Alma Linux or Oracle Linux using the dnf/yum package manager.

Supported RPM based Distros

1. RHEL / CentOS / Oracle / Rocky / AlmaLinux 9 (Starting in MongoDB 6.0.4)
2. RHEL / CentOS / Oracle / Rocky / AlmaLinux 8
3. RHEL / CentOS / Oracle 7

Install MongoDB 6.0 on Rocky Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS Stream, Alma Linux or Oracle Linux

Let’s follow the steps below to install MongoDB Community Edition

Prepare the MongoDB Repo

Create a /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org-7.0.repo repo file for the installation of MongoDB using using the package manager, dnf or yum. You can run the command below as one:

sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org-6.0.repo<<EOF

[mongodb-org-6.0]

name=MongoDB Repository
baseurl=https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/$releasever/mongodb-org/6.0/x86_64/

gpgcheck=1

enabled=1

gpgkey=https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-6.0.asc

EOF

Verify that the repo has been added:

[root@rocky9 ~]# cat  /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org-7.0.repo 
[mongodb-org-7.0]
name=MongoDB Repository
baseurl=https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/7/mongodb-org/7.0/x86_64/repodata/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-7.0.asc

Install MongoDB on Rocky Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS Stream, Alma Linux or Oracle Linux

Since the repo is ready, you can now install the latest stable MongoDB 7.0.x using the following command:

$ sudo dnf install -y mongodb-org

....

Total download size: 122 M
Installed size: 501 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/10): mongodb-org-6.0.8-1.el9.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                            2.0 kB/s | 9.3 kB     00:04    
(2/10): mongodb-database-tools-100.7.5.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                     5.2 MB/s |  27 MB     00:05    
(3/10): mongodb-org-database-6.0.8-1.el9.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                    20 kB/s | 9.4 kB     00:00    
(4/10): mongodb-org-database-tools-extra-6.0.8-1.el9.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                        47 kB/s |  14 kB     00:00    
(5/10): mongodb-org-server-6.0.8-1.el9.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                      18 MB/s |  30 MB     00:01    
(6/10): mongodb-org-tools-6.0.8-1.el9.x86_64.rpm     


...


Installed:
  cyrus-sasl-2.1.27-21.el9.x86_64          cyrus-sasl-plain-2.1.27-21.el9.x86_64                mongodb-database-tools-100.7.5-1.x86_64  mongodb-mongosh-1.10.3-1.el8.x86_64    mongodb-org-6.0.8-1.el9.x86_64       
  mongodb-org-database-6.0.8-1.el9.x86_64  mongodb-org-database-tools-extra-6.0.8-1.el9.x86_64  mongodb-org-mongos-6.0.8-1.el9.x86_64    mongodb-org-server-6.0.8-1.el9.x86_64  mongodb-org-tools-6.0.8-1.el9.x86_64 

Complete!

Note: You can use yum for the lower versions of the Linux releases(version 7) .

As another option, you can install a specific release of MongoDB, specify each component package individually and append the version number to the package name:

dnf install mongodb-org-<VERSION> mongodb-org-database-<VERSION> mongodb-org-server-<VERSION> mongodb-mongosh-<VERSION> mongodb-org-mongos-<VERSION> mongodb-org-tools-<VERSION>

Run MongoDB

Prerequisites

1. Adjust the ulimit

Most Linux systems limit the system resources that processes use. ulimit refers to the per-user limitations for various resources. This limitation could impact the performance of MongoDB hence needs to be adjusted. To check these limitations, use the command below:

# ulimit -a
real-time non-blocking time  (microseconds, -R) unlimited
core file size              (blocks, -c) 0
data seg size               (kbytes, -d) unlimited
scheduling priority                 (-e) 0
file size                   (blocks, -f) unlimited
pending signals                     (-i) 30486
max locked memory           (kbytes, -l) 8192
max memory size             (kbytes, -m) unlimited
open files                          (-n) 1024
pipe size                (512 bytes, -p) 8
POSIX message queues         (bytes, -q) 819200
real-time priority                  (-r) 0
stack size                  (kbytes, -s) 8192
cpu time                   (seconds, -t) unlimited
max user processes                  (-u) 30486
virtual memory              (kbytes, -v) unlimited
file locks                          (-x) unlimited

Please refer to the recommended ulimit values here.

On you Linux System, you can change ulimit settings by issuing a command in the following form:

ulimit -n <value>

After changing the ulimit settings, you must restart the services to take advantage of the modified settings. For the Mongo, use the command below:

systemctl start mongod.service

2. Directory Paths

The default directories for MongoDB are:

• /var/lib/mongo – For Data
• /var/log/mongodb – For Logs

mongod is the default MongoDB User.

If you intend to use custom Directories for Data and Logs, you need to edit /etc/mongod.conf to modify the following fields:

• dbPath e.g /data
• systemLog.path e.g /mongoDB_logs

Give the two paths the necessary permission to the mongd use by using the command below:

chown -R mongod:mongod /data
chown -R mongod:mongod /mongoDB_logs

3. Start MongoDB

You can use systemd to enable and start MongoDB

sudo systemctl enable --now mongod

Lets verify whether the Mongo service started successfully:

# systemctl status mongod.service
● mongod.service - MongoDB Database Server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mongod.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2023-08-08 20:47:13 EAT; 2min 44s ago
       Docs: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual
   Main PID: 119871 (mongod)
     Memory: 81.4M
        CPU: 2.355s
     CGroup: /system.slice/mongod.service
             └─119871 /usr/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongod.conf

Aug 08 20:47:13 rocky9 systemd[1]: Started MongoDB Database Server.
Aug 08 20:47:13 rocky9 mongod[119871]: {"t":{"$date":"2023-08-08T17:47:13.355Z"},"s":"I",  "c":"CONTROL",  "id":7484500, "ctx":"-","msg":"Environment variable MONGODB_CONFIG_OVERRIDE_NOFORK == 1, overriding \"proc>
lines 1-12/12 (END)

Verify MongDB version

We can test the successful installtion and the running MongDB version.

# mongod --version
db version v6.0.8
Build Info: {
    "version": "6.0.8",
    "gitVersion": "3d84c0dd4e5d99be0d69003652313e7eaf4cdd74",
    "openSSLVersion": "OpenSSL 3.0.7 1 Nov 2022",
    "modules": [],
    "allocator": "tcmalloc",
    "environment": {
        "distmod": "rhel90",
        "distarch": "x86_64",
        "target_arch": "x86_64"
    }
}

4. Use MongoDB

We can access MongDB through the mongosh.

# mongosh
Current Mongosh Log ID:	64d299c19402adbd5b9afc42
Connecting to:		mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?directConnection=true&serverSelectionTimeoutMS=2000&appName=mongosh+1.10.3
Using MongoDB:		6.0.8
Using Mongosh:		1.10.3

For mongosh info see: https://docs.mongodb.com/mongodb-shell/


To help improve our products, anonymous usage data is collected and sent to MongoDB periodically (https://www.mongodb.com/legal/privacy-policy).
You can opt-out by running the disableTelemetry() command.

------
   The server generated these startup warnings when booting
   2023-08-08T20:47:13.923+03:00: Access control is not enabled for the database. Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted
   2023-08-08T20:47:13.923+03:00: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'. We suggest setting it to 'never'
   2023-08-08T20:47:13.923+03:00: vm.max_map_count is too low
------

test> 

By default, MongDB is configured not to use authentication. For hardening purposes, we need to enable authentication. Using your favorite text editor e.g vim, edit /etc/mongod.conf and add the following:

security:
    authorization: "enabled"

For the changes to take effect, restart MongDB.

$ sudo systemctl restart mongod

5. Create an Admin user

We need to create an admin user to manage the Mongo Databases. Through mongosh, connect to mongodb.

From the shell, create a database called admin using using the following command:

# mongosh
Current Mongosh Log ID:	64d29d7aa1f860eb7b283fa8
Connecting to:		mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?directConnection=true&serverSelectionTimeoutMS=2000&appName=mongosh+1.10.3
Using MongoDB:		6.0.8
Using Mongosh:		1.10.3

For mongosh info see: https://docs.mongodb.com/mongodb-shell/

test> use admin
switched to db admin

The next step is to create the admin user and set the password using the following command:

db.createUser(
{
user: "mongoadmin",
pwd: passwordPrompt(),
roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" }, "readWriteAnyDatabase" ]
}
)

You’ll be prompted to input your password through the standard input.

admin> db.createUser(
{
user: "mongoadmin",
pwd: passwordPrompt(),
roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" }, "readWriteAnyDatabase" ]
}
)

Enter password
Password01
**********{ ok: 1 }

Exit from the mongosh though the exit command.

Lastly, restart mongdb to apply the changes.

systemctl restart mongod

You can now test the connection to MongoDB using the admin credentials that we have just created.

# mongosh --port 27017 --authenticationDatabase "admin" -u "mongoadmin" -p
Enter password: **********
Current Mongosh Log ID:	64d2a069d94aba53bd328ebd
Connecting to:		mongodb://<credentials>@127.0.0.1:27017/?directConnection=true&serverSelectionTimeoutMS=2000&authSource=admin&appName=mongosh+1.10.3
Using MongoDB:		6.0.8
Using Mongosh:		1.10.3

For mongosh info see: https://docs.mongodb.com/mongodb-shell/

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have successfully installed MongoDB on your Rocky/RHEL/Alma/CentOS system.